– See: Brachial Plexus Injury – Indications: – shoulder paralysis: – may include paralytic dislocation or combined rotator cuff / deltoid paralysis (in which case shoulder arthroplasty would be contra-indicated); – as a requirement for shoulder fusion, the muscles of forearm and … Read more
– Discussion: – need to determien whether the fibrous has primarily affected flexion or extension; – need to determine either from radiographs or from MRI, whether incorrecttunnel placement, is the cause of the decrease motion and fibrosis; – also evaluate for patella baja; – … Read more
– Discussion: – musculoskeletal dz is characterized by congenital immobility of multiple joints. – there may be as many as 10 to 20 specific arthrogrypotic disorders, all with similar joint manifestations; – believed to be caused by oligohydrmnios & conditions limiting fetal movement; – joint develops in … Read more
– Discussion: – Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: (considerations: hemiarthroplasty vs TSA) – Reverse arthroplasty – Indications: – indicated for end stage DJD or RA shoulder involvement; – contra-indications to shoulder arthroplasty include combined rotator cuff / deltoid paralysis and recent joint infection; – in these rare circumstances, arthrodesis may be considered; – may occur as a … Read more
– Thumb MP Joint: Tension Band Technique: – needs to be fused in 10-20 deg flexion, 20 deg pronation, and 20 deg of abduction; – tension band can neutralize the distraction force of the finger flexors (which are stronger than extensors and therefore cause distraction); – dorsal incision is … Read more
– See: – Total Hip Replacement Menu: – Anastomosis of Lower Limb Arteries – Nerve Injuries in THR: – Acetabular Screw Placement: – Discussion: – arterial injuries have been reported in 0.1% to 0.2% of all total hip replacements; … Read more
– See: – Blood Supply Femoral Head & Neck – Anatomy of Circulation: – mainly supplied by profunda femoris: – nutrient artery usually enters bone proximally and posteriorly along linea aspera; – usually there is only one nutrient artery (maximum of 2); – usually it comes of the 2nd perforating artery: – after giving off … Read more
– Discussion: – includes posterior 1/3 of lateral supporting structures; – it includes LCL, arcuate ligament, & exension of popliteus; – posterior 1/3 of the lateral ligamentous complex is reinforced by biceps, popliteus, & lateral head of gastrocnemius; – LCL: … Read more
– Discussion: – it is not a separate ligament but is condensation of fibers of origin of popliteus and helps form the arcuate complex: – arcuate ligament is a Y shaped condensation of fibers that courses from the fibular head, over the popliteus, to insert on the posterior capsule; … Read more
– See: – Metabolic Acidosis – Resp. Acidosis – Metabolic Alkalosis – Resp. Alkalosis – Decreased PaCO2: – if PaCOz is less than 35 mmHg and pH more than 7.45, the patient is hyperventilated and the respiratory frequency or IMV rate of … Read more