– See: Pilon Frx Menu – External Fixation: – external fixation applied medially and across the ankle can protect the articular reconstruction and prevent collapse; – external fixation across the ankle can restore length (thru distraction) w/ or w/o fibular fixation; – Technique of External Fixation … Read more
– Restoration of Length: – may be obtained w/ use of femoral distractor or external fixator placed in distal 1/3 of the tibia and the talus or calcaneus; – two pins are placed perpendicular to the anatomic axis and therefore parallel with the joint surfaces of the tibia; – … Read more
– Dicussion: – assess for swelling and tenseness of the forearm compartments; – assess carrying angles of the affected and non affected arms; – r/o neurologic deficits – median nerve injuries are more often associated w/ posteromedial displacement; – … Read more
– Discussion: – wt bearing line of the body normally falls medial to the axis of sub talar joint, & therefore, when the patient stands on one foot, the foot pronates; – when pt rotates leg externally, heel inverts & wt bearing line moves laterally; – total … Read more
– See: – Physical Exam of the Knee: – Mechanism: ACL Tear: – Anteromedial Rotatory Stability: – Anterior Cruciate Ligament – Anterior Drawer Test – Anterolateral Rotatory Instability – Clunk Test – Lachman – Losee Test – … Read more
– See: Talar Tilt – Anterior Drawer Test – evaluates Anterior Talofibular ligament (look for diff. of 8 mm) – this can be performed by securing distal leg w/ one hand and applying an anterior pull on the heel with the foot held in gentle plantar flexion; – forward … Read more
– Discussion: – pes arserinus is final common tendinous insertion of sartorius, gracilis, & semitendinosus along proximal medial aspect to tibia; – these muscles serve as flexors & internal rotators, & help protect knee … Read more
– See: – Charcot Marie Tooth: Perineal Muscular Atrophy: – General Discussion of Pes Cavus: – Discussion: – muscle weakness primarily affects peroneus brevis muscle and tibialis anterior, w/ relative sparing of peroneus longus (and tibialis posterior); – results in planatar flexion of … Read more
– Discussion: – loss of normal medial longitudinal arch leads to pes planus, which can be flexible or rigid; – may arise as a consequence of hyper-pronation or from increased eversion of the subtalar joint; – hence, the calcaneus lies in valgus and external rotation relative … Read more