– See: Innerv. Musc. Lower Limb – Plantar muscles of the foot are divided into 4 layers; – 1st Layer: – first two layers originate from calcaneal tuberosity and the other two from the metatarsal shafts; – first subfascial layer consists (from lateral to medial) … Read more
– Considerations: – see plate fixation theory and bone healing with plate fixation; – candidates for ORIF are humeral shaft frx w/ no comminution w/ enough of an oblique component to allow lag screw fixation; – in contrast, comminuted transverse fractures may be less satisfying for fixation, and may … Read more
– See: – Plantar Fasciitis – Windlass Mechanism – Anatomy: – plantar fascia is a strong layer of white fibrous tissue whose thick central part is bounded by thinner lateral portions; – central portion is attached to the medial calcaneal tubercle; – as … Read more
– Anatomy: – plantar fascia: – plantar muscles of the foot: are arranged in four layers w/ the FDB lying most superficially, just under plantar fascia; – medial and lateral branches of tibial nerve pass superficial to abductor hallucis and the quadratus plantae (w/ exception of 1st branch of lateral … Read more
– Discussion: – one of several causes of heel pain; – the pain is located somewhat more distally than in other causes of heel pain syndrome – symptoms include gradual onset of pain at the origin of the plantar aponeurosis and 1 cm distal to this area … Read more
– See: – Anterior Cruciate Ligament – Anterolateral Rotatory Instability – Clunk Test – Lachman – Losee Test – Reverse Pivot Shift Test – Discussion: – pivot shift assesses degree of incapacitating dysfunction in knee … Read more
– See: – soft tissue reconstruction of the leg – fracture blister management – Discussion: – based on the injury to the soft tissue and whether the injury resulted from high or low injury trauma; – type I & II frx – closed … Read more
– Discussion: (see pilon frx discussion) – fibula is usually fractured above the joint line; – some authors will avoid ORIF of the fibula in these injuries if there is excessive fibular comminution (ie poor chance of good fixation) and if there is excessive varus of the articular surface (ORIF would accentuate the varus); … Read more
– Discussion: – if the tourniquet is used, then it should be left elevated until wound closure is complete (expect wound swelling as soon as the tourniquet is released); – if swelling prevents tension free wound closure, anterior wound may be left open for DPC in 3-5 days when swelling subsides; … Read more