– PreOp Planning: – consider NG tube and foley catheter; – have proper sized C-collar available for post operative care; – position: supine w/ halter cervical traction (3-5 lbs) w/ head turned slightly to the right; – consider placing a rolled towel between the … Read more
– Discussion: – lesion labeled annuular tear or internal disruption is based on concept of leaking disc, one which permits the irritating liquid material normally restricted to the center of the disc to come into contact with the innervated tissue; – annular tissue that permits egress of this liquid has a poor capacity for healing; – at most, … Read more
– See: Annular Tear: – Discussion: – anulus fibrosus makes up peripheral portion of disk structure; – composed of fibrocartilage and type I collagen; – fibers of anulus run obliquely between vertebrae and are arranged primarily in concentric layers; – direction of the fibers … Read more
– Treatment Considerations: – it is essential to reduce the dislocation in the ER, so as to avoid tenting of the skin over the anterior tibia; – w/ a trimalleolar frx-dislocation, consider a posterior approach using an antiglide plate and fixation of the posterior malleolar fragment (which can be accomplished through … Read more
– Discussion: – as slip progresses, area of contact between L5 & S1 decreases & body of L5 tilts forward on sacrum; – this is referred to as sagittal rotation, angle of slipping, roll, L5/S1 kyphosis, or gibbus; – slippage is not present in … Read more
origin: posterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus; insertion: lateral side of olecranon process and posterior surface of proximal portion of ulna; action: extension and pronation of the forearm at the elbow; nerve supply: radial, C5, C6; synergist: triceps brachii The aconeus muscle flap: its anatomy and clinical application.
– Pre-anesthetic Considerations: – in spine injured patients, anesthesia is necessary even if the extremity is insensate inorder to prevent spasm and automatic dysreflexia; – need to monitor for automatic dysreflexia (spinal anesthesia preferred); – be aware that acture high paraplegics, because of generalized venous dilation, … Read more
– Discussion: – non-neoplastic expansile lesion consisting of blood filled spaces separated by connective tissue septa containing bone or osteoid and osteoclast giant cells – etiology unknown – may be primary or secondary; – an uncommon expansile osteolytic lesion of bone consisting of a proliferation of … Read more
– See: – Development & Anomalies of Axis – Dens Frx: – Extension Teardrop Frx of C2 – Hangman’s Frx – Normal Variants: – Discussion: – C2 provides rotation at its superior articulation w/ C1, … Read more
– Discussion: – upper end of sacrum, base of triangle, is directed forward & upward; – in middle is upper surface of body of the first sacral vertebra; – its anterior border forms the sacral promontory. – it is concave & fairly smooth on its pelvic surface, … Read more