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Soleus


- See:
     - Blood Supply of the Soleus:
     - Soleus Muscle Flap:
     - Superficial Posterior Compartment:

- origin:
        - posterior surface of the head and upper 1/3 of the shaft of the fibula;
        - middle 1/3 of the medial border of the tibia, tendinous arch between tibia and fibula;
- insertion: into calcaneus with gastrocnemius by way of achilles tendon;
- action:
        - plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle;
        - reversed origin insertion action: when standing, the calcanius becomes the fixed origin of the muscle;
        - soleus muslce stabilizes the tibia on the calcaneus limiting forward sway;
- synergists: gastrocnemius, plantaris, tibialis posterior, peroneus longus and brevis, FHL and FDL;
- nerve supply: tibial nerve, L4, L5, S1 , S2; (see innervation)

- Muscle Characteristics:
    - the majority of the soleus muscle contains type I fibers, which makes them prone to rapid atrophy;
    - some believe that soleus muscle atrophy is a precurror to Achilles tendon rupture



Anatomic Basis of Local Muscle Flaps in the Distal Third of the Leg.

Accessory soleus muscle. A clinical and radiographic presentation of eleven cases.

Function of the triceps surae during gait. Compensatory mechanisms for unilateral loss.

Anatomical aspects of the blood supply to the skin of the posterior calf: technique of below-knee amputation.

Use of the soleus muscle flap to cover part of the distal tibia.



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