Ankle Sprain
– Discussion: – pathoanatomy: – fibular collateral ligament is made up of three separate structures; – these are not as strong as medial ligaments, since lateral support of ankle is also provide by the fibula; … Read more
Trauma Fractures
Ankle Varus Deformity
– Discussion: – varus deformity of the ankle may follow distal tibial fracture or distal tibial epiphyseal frx; – deformities due to distal tibial epiphyeal injuries are often progressive; – deformities due to tibial plafond injuries are usually static (from malreduction at the … Read more
Ankle Arthrodesis
– See: Sub-Talar Fusion Tibial-Talar-Calcaneal Fusion – Discussion and Outcomes: – optimal position for fusion – see gait and role of ankle joint in gait – ref: Ankle arthrodesis. Long-term follow-up with gait analysis. – Exam: – perform an Allen … Read more
Ankle Arthrodesis – Discussion
– See: Sub-Talar Fusion Tibial-Talar-Calcaneal Fusion – Discussion: – for pts w/ well-aligned fusion, walking gait in appropriate shoe is almost normal; – expect 16% decrease in gait velocity and 3 % increase in oxygen consumption; – running … Read more
Anke Equinus Contracture
– Discussion: – see: role of ankle and subtalar joint in gait – normally, during the transition from foot flat to heel off, the foot dorsiflexes as the body moves forward; – gait consequences of equinus contracture: – patient may adopt a toe to toe gait pattern or … Read more
Anatomy of the Axis
– See: – Development & Anomalies of Axis – Dens Frx: – Extension Teardrop Frx of C2 – Hangman’s Frx – Normal Variants: – Discussion: – C2 provides rotation at its superior articulation w/ C1, … Read more
Anatomy of Atlas
– See – Normal Variants – Development of Atlas: – Atlantooccipital disassociation – Jefferson frx – Discussion: – C1 has no central body – C1 vertebra is ring of bone w/ large lateral masses that provide only two … Read more
Anatomic Positioning of the Acetabulum in THR for the Dysplasic Hip
– See: – Total Hip Replacement Menu: – total hip in DDH – acetabular component menu: – crowe classification – Anatomic Position – Discussion: – w/ low dislocation, attempts should be made for antatomic placement, but should also be considered w/ high dysplastic dislocation; – long term success … Read more
Amputation Menu
– Amputations in the Diabetic Patient – Above the Knee Amputation: – AKA prosthetics – Basic Science: – Below Knee Amputation: – amputation following fractures of the tibia – pediatric BKA: – BKA prosthetics – prosthetic feet – Foot and Ankle Amputation – Syme’s Amputation – Transmetatarsal Amputation – Chopart Amputations – Pediatric Amputations – … Read more
Amputation of the Finger and Hand
– See: – Phalangeal Menu: – finger tip injuries – replantation of the digits – soft tissue replacement in the hand and forearm: – upper extremity amputations: … Read more