– See: Equinovarus: – Discussion: – most common problem; – in those w/ diplegia, it is bilateral & almost always flexible in child under three years; – diff dx: toe walking – Exam: – it is essential that the ankle and hindfoot be held in varus while … Read more
– Treatment Considerations: – it is essential to reduce the dislocation in the ER, so as to avoid tenting of the skin over the anterior tibia; – w/ a trimalleolar frx-dislocation, consider a posterior approach using an antiglide plate and fixation of the posterior malleolar fragment (which can be accomplished through … Read more
– See: – Radiographic Studies – AO/Weber Classification & Surgical Treatment: – Type A – Type B (Antiglide Plate: ) – Type C – Antiglide Plate – Fracture Dislocations of the Ankle – … Read more
– See: Sub-Talar Fusion Tibial-Talar-Calcaneal Fusion – Discussion: – for pts w/ well-aligned fusion, walking gait in appropriate shoe is almost normal; – expect 16% decrease in gait velocity and 3 % increase in oxygen consumption; – running … Read more
– See: Sub-Talar Fusion Tibial-Talar-Calcaneal Fusion – Discussion and Outcomes: – optimal position for fusion – see gait and role of ankle joint in gait – ref: Ankle arthrodesis. Long-term follow-up with gait analysis. – Exam: – perform an Allen … Read more
origin: posterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus; insertion: lateral side of olecranon process and posterior surface of proximal portion of ulna; action: extension and pronation of the forearm at the elbow; nerve supply: radial, C5, C6; synergist: triceps brachii The aconeus muscle flap: its anatomy and clinical application.
– Discussion: – non-neoplastic expansile lesion consisting of blood filled spaces separated by connective tissue septa containing bone or osteoid and osteoclast giant cells – etiology unknown – may be primary or secondary; – an uncommon expansile osteolytic lesion of bone consisting of a proliferation of … Read more
– Anatomy: – PCL is approximately twice as strong and twice as thick as the normal ACL (therefore less commonly injured); – size: 13 mm, its length, 38 mm, (approximates that of ACL); – origin: – PCL originates from the antero-lateral aspect of … Read more
– Discussion: – distal epiphysis includes entire articular surface of distal end of femur & serves as origin of part of gastrocnemius muscle; – epiphyseal center of distal aspect of femur is present at birth in newborns, & it expands rapidly to fill both condylar regions. … Read more
– See: Arterial supply to Femur – Embryology of Proximal Femur: – upper end consists of head, neck, & greater & lesser trochanters at junction of the neck with the body; – develops from 4 separate ossification centers; – head forms roughly two-thirds of sphere whose surface is articular except for fovea capitis femoris where … Read more