Ortho Preferred Malpractice Insurance

Release of Elbow Flexion Contracture Thru Kocher Approach

– See:       – Kocher Approach:       – Elbow Flexion Contracture: – Discussion:     – goal of procedure is elevation of common extensor tendon and transection of the anterior joint capsule;     – indicated for significant flexion contractures (more than 30 deg) which arise from soft tissue (capsular contracture);   … Read more

Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

– RSD in Children:  – usually occurs in 8 – 16 yr olds (girls > boys); pain is the primary symptom; – pts show marked dysfunction and signs of sympathetic overdrive; (cyanosis, coldness, edema, and hyperhydrosis).  – hyperesthesia w/ an incongruent affect is typical;  – children w/ R.N.D. are usually compliant and pseudomature;  – underlying psychosocial … Read more

Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy / Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

– Definition:        – “RSD” is an imprecisely used term; has been used to describe changes in soft tissue and bone;        – RSD may not involve the sympathetic nervous system and may not be the consequence of a reflex;        – 1995: IASP Consensus Conference: “Complex regional pain … Read more

References for the Spine

– See:    – Cervical Spine Ref:    – Scoliosis References    – Spondylolysis / Spondylolisthesis    – Spinal Cord Injury:    – Spinal Fracture Serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase changes after anterior approaches to the thoracic and lumbar spine. Reliability of indications for cervical spine films in trauma patients. Vertebral body resection for … Read more

References for Nerves

Electrophysiologic mapping of the segmental anatomy of the muscles of the lower extremity.  Repair of peripheral nerves with the argon laser. A functional and histological evaluation in the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis).  Epiperineurium-fascial stitches along the stumps of a transected nerve. An additional method for closing the gap in the nerve trunk.  The total-contact cast … Read more

References for Cervical Spine

– References: Fractures of the Cervical spine: Current Concepts Review.  The Status of Arthrodesis of the Cervical Spine. Traumatic and Degenerative Lesions of the Cervical Spine–Symposium: Care of the Multiply Injured Patient With Cervical Spine Injury. Origin of the uncus and of Luschka’s joint in the cervical spine. Pyogenic osteomyelitis of the occiput, the atlas, and … Read more

Ref for Clubfoot

Dogma Disputed: On the Pathogenesis of Clubfoot. Current Concepts Review.  Treatment of Congenital Club Foot. Current Concepts Review.  Operative Treatment of Congenital Idiopathic Club Foot. A reappraisal of metatarsus adductus and skewfoot. Results of surgical treatment of talipes equinovarus congenita. Arteriography in club foot. Surgical management of resistant congenital talipes equinovarus deformities. Plantar release in … Read more

Reduction of Spondylolithesis

– Discussion:     – progression of severe slips after apparently solid in situ arthrodesis has led some to consider reduction and instrumentation for              spondylolithesis;     – another rationale for reduction of the slip is improvement in cosmetic appearance of the trunk;     – slip angle:             – … Read more

Reduction of Anterior Dislocation

  – Discussion:                                                                                                                                                                       – From Hippocrates to the Eskimo – a history of techniques used to reduce anterior dislocation of the shoulder.     – w/ a witnessed dislocation, consider immediate relocation on field;     – this consists of initial slight abduction and internal derotation of affected arm;                                                                         – this can be done … Read more