(See Pen Family) – for Gm positive infections, Streptococcus, N.gonorrhea and Meningitis, Syphylis, Clostridium, Cornybacterium and prophylaxis for endocarditis; – Adult: 250-500mg PO q6hr; Well tolerated oral penicillin; – Also available 200,000 Units (125mg/5ml) 400,000 Units (250mg/5ml) for PO – Solution/suspension– administration; – Note prophylaxis of Bacterial endocarditis: 2.0gm PO 1hr before procedure and 1.0gm PO 6hrs … Read more
– every patient should be maintained on at least 5 cm H2O of PEEP; – objective of optimal PEEP is to reduce the intrapulmonary Shunt; – since cardiac output may also be decreased, fluid administration or vasoactive drugs may also be required to restore Cardiac Output; – if pulmonary wedge pressure is grossly elevated, … Read more
– Discussion: – occurs when pressure in a muscle compartment is > pressure in the capillaries, which leads to progressive muscle ischemia and edema and left untreated can result in infarction of the compartment contents; – ischemia and necrosis of the muscles occur even though the arterial pressure is still high enough to produce … Read more
– Discussion: – parathyroid hormone is 84 aa petide made & secreted from chief cells in 4 parathyroid glands; – parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been approved as an anabolic treatment for osteoporosis; – all actions of PTH are either directly or indirectly involved w/ maintaining serum ionic Ca concetration (see Ca hemostatsis); … Read more
– Discussion: – a chronic progressive disease osteoblasts and osteoclasts which results in abnormal bone remodeling; – etiology, staging, and pathogenesis – prevalence: – uncommon in pts under age of 55 yrs but relatively common in later life, occurring in 3-4% of persons over 55 yrs & occurs in 10% in pts over age 80; – reference: – … Read more
* Pos: I, II, V4, V5, V6, AVF; Neg: AVR * Best Seen: II and V1; * Duration: PR: 0.12 – 0.20 msec; – < 0.12 msec: consider: – > 0.20 msec: consider: – Normal varient (large person); – Problem AV node: ? AV block, drug effect; – Intra Atrial Cond. defect: Hyper K, Large … Read more
for anxiety with depression or ETOH withdrawl; Adult:10-15mg PO tid/qid; with severe anxiety or ETOH withdrawl try up to 30mg tid/qid; this is a metabolite of diazepam, must reduce w/ elderly; Contraindicated with pyschoses; Avoid concomitant use of ETOH, or other CNS depressant drugs; Note slow onset of action, t/2= 5-21hr; No active metabolites; Also … Read more
Note: Low grade fever and mild otalgia can frequently persist for up to 48hrs following the initiation of antimicrobiol therapy; If during the treatment, the patient has severe pain, a marked febrile course, or bulging of the tympanic membranes, then change of anti- microbiol therapy is appropriate; Note: Ampicillin (Amoxicillin) is the single most useful … Read more
– Discussion: – osteopetrosis is failure of osteoclastic and chondroclastic resorption; – bones become exceedingly dense; – marrow space is filled w/ unresorbed dense bone; – disease results from lack of osteoclastic resorption, leading to thickened bones & exclusion of marrow cavity; – there is absence of marrow elements & these patients are susceptible to … Read more
– Discussion: – most common metabolic bone dz; – definition: – what appears to be a characteristic of osteoporosis is an uncoupling of the osteoblastic and osteoclastic processes; – WHO definition: a bone mineral density that is 2.5 SD below the mean peak value … Read more