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Anatomic Axis

– Discussion:       – anatomic axis of femur is approx 6 deg of valgus from mechanical axis or 9 deg of valgus from vertical axis w/ variations according to              body habitus;       – anatomic axis of tibia is in approx 2-3 deg of varus from mechanical axis;       – lines … Read more

Allis’s maneuver: for Hip Dislocation

– Gravity Method of Stimson – Bigelow’s Maneuver: for Posterior Hip Dislocation – Closed Reduction – Discussion:     – patient is placed in the supine position;     – knee is flexed to relax the hamstrings;     – assistant stabilizes the pelvis and applies a lateral traction force to the inside of the thigh; … Read more

Allografts

– see bone graft menu – Discussion of Allografts:     – see autograft menu and bone healing:      – allografts are most indicated when bone grafting is required along with need for mechanical structural support;     – morselized bone graft:     – structural bone grafts:      – fresh allografts            – generally … Read more

Albrights Syndrome

– Discussion:     – consists of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, cafe’-au-lait spots of “coast of Maine” variety, and premature menses;     – it is more common in girls than boys and accompanies approx 1 in 30 cases of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia;     – there is appreciable coincidence of other endocrinologic dz including hyperthyroidism & Cushing’s … Read more

Adductor Magnus

– origin:       – posterior fibers: ischial tuberosity;       – anterior fibers: ramus of ischium and pubis; – insertion:       – from a line extending from the greater trochanter along linea aspera, medial suprcondylar line and adductor tubercle on medial condyle of femur; – action:         – … Read more

Adductor Brevis

Origin: outer surface of inferior ramus of pubis; Insertion: on a line extending from lesser trochaner to linea aspera and proximal 1/4 of linea aspera; Action: adduction of the femur at the hip; lateral rotation as it adducts the thigh.  some assistance to femur flexion at the hip; Nerve Supply:  Obturator,  L2, L3, L4;  (See Innervation) Synergists: Gracilis, Pectineus

Infraspinatus

  – See Rotator cuff; – origin: infraspinatus fossa of scapula – insertion: posterior aspect of greater tuberosity of humerus, capsule of shoulder joint;  – demensions: infraspinatus has been shown to average 29 mm wide, with a mean medial-to-lateral width of 19 mm – action: extension, horizontal extension and lateral rotation of humerus at the shoulder … Read more

Fractures of the Acetabulum

(see also: Pelvic Frx; Radiographs; Work Up and Treatment) Anterior Column Frx Anterior Wall Fractures Both Column Frx Central Acebular Fracture Dislocations Classification and Column Theory Displaced Dome Fractures Heterotopic Ossification Hip Frx Fracture Dislocations of the Hip Judet View Iliofemoral Approach to the Acetabulum Ilioinguinal Approach to the Acetabulum Pediatric Acetabular Fractures Posterolateral Approach: … Read more