- See: Uremic Bleeding: Increased: Renal Failure/Oliguria Shock Hypovolemia: (BUN/Cr ratio > 20) CHF Shock GI bleeding Stress/Heavy Exercise Meds (Aminoglycosides); Decreased: Overhydration Starvation Liver failure Pregnancy, Nephrotic syndrome
Urinary urea nitrogen: too insensitive for calculating nitrogen balance studies in surgical clinical nutrition [see comments]