- Risk Factors for Endocarditis:
    - congenital or acquired heart defects/valvular lesions:
    - IHSS
    - prosthetic heart valves
    - dental procedures
    - surgery or instrumentation of the respiratory/GI/GU tracts;
    - patients with prior hx;

- Prophylactic Recommendations:
    - Pen V: 2 gm PO 1hr before and 1 gm 6 hr after; (children 1/2 the adult dose);
    - ampicillin 2 gm IM/IV 30 min before plus gentamicin 1.5 mg/kg IM/IV 30 min before
    - penicillin allergy: erythromycin 1 gm PO before and 1/2 gm 6hr after
    - penicillin allergy: vancomycin 1 gm infused over 1 hr, 2 hr before
    - GI or GU tract: requires parental ATB's:
            - Amp + Gent or Vanc;
            - Amox + Vanc + Gent