Bilateral Ureteric Obstruction
Stones
Clots
Sloughed Papilla
Retroperitoneal fibrosis
Tumor
Neurogenic bladder
Bladder Outlet Obstruction
Prostatic hypertrophy (needs to be evaluated in every male over 50
with unexplained renal failure)
Stones
Clots
Urethral stricture
Blocked foley catheter;