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- origin and insertion: pairs of small muscles joining the spinous process of adjacent vertebrae, one on each side of the interspinalis ligament; 
       continuous in the cervical region extending from the axis to the 2nd thoracic vertebrae and in the lumbar region from the first lumbar 
       vertebrae to the sacrum;
- action: extension and hyperextension of the spine;
- nerve supply: posterior rami of the spinal nerve;
- synergists: multifidi, rotators,  Intertransversarii  groups